Novel Coronavirus Manual

A Compilation of Things to Know and Do to Protect Yourself from the Wuhan Coronavirus Outbreak.

(Step by Step)

by HaLaDi Family

Copyright: Published in the United States by HaLaDi Family/ © HALADI FAMILY

Published on February, 10 2020

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Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

PART ONE: KNOWLEDGE

1. Definition & Origin

2. Transmission & Groups at risk

3. Symptoms, Diagnosis & How dangerous is 2019-nCoV?

4. Treatment & Vaccine Status

5. Timeline & Projecting

PART TWO: ACTION

1. Immune-system Booster

2. Hygiene

3. Other

PART THREE: MYTHS - FACTS

CONCLUSION

DAILY UPDATE

RESOURCES

Introduction

In December 2019, there was a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, a city with a population of around 11 million people in Hubei Province, China. A number of the initial cases had been linked with Huanan Seafood Market, the largest wholesale market of live animal and seafood in Jiangshan District, Wuhan. Investigation found that it was caused by a previously unknown virus, now named the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV). So far, the disease has spread throughout 28 countries and territories, infected over 34,000 people with over 700 deaths recorded all over the world.

During the Novel Coronavirus outbreak, it is a must for everyone to arm up themselves with accurate and crucial knowledge. This book will help you stay conscious and guide you through this chaotic situation with a compilation of collected and updated information.

The content of the book includes 3 main parts:

Knowledge: information about the Novel Coronavirus

Action: things to do to stay away from the virus

Myths & Facts: clarification of somem rumors and questions around the Novel Coronavirus

Finally we will give you a daily update on the numbers of cases and deaths reported during the Novel Coronavirus outbreak.

We publish this book with the hope of improving the current situation and helping everyone strengthening both physical and mental health. If there is anything you wish to share, leave us comment. Please feel free to give feedback, your opinion will be a big help for us to update and improve our work!

Thank you for supporting us!

Part One: KNOWLEDGE

1. Definition & Origin

1.1 Coronavirus

What are coronaviruses?

Coronaviruses are a big group of viruses. They include of a core of genetic material and an envelope with protein spikes surround it. These crown-like spikes on the surface make the viruses appear like a crown which is called Corona in Latin and that is where their name comes from. Coronaviruses have four main sub-groupings: alpha, beta, gamma and delta. Different kinds of Coronaviruses cause gastrointestinal symptoms and respiratory. The symptoms of respiratory disease tend to be mild in most people; they can range from common cold to pneumonia.

According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there are seven types of coronaviruses that can infect people and they were first identified in the mid-1960s. Four of the human coronaviruses are mild and people commonly get infected with them, include:

229E – alpha coronavirus

NL63 – alpha coronavirus

OC43 – beta coronavirus

HKU1 – beta coronavirus

However, some animal coronaviruses circulating among animals can pass to people, become new human coronavirus and bring more serious outcomes. They include:

SARS-CoV (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome beta coronavirus) which is first identified in China in November 2002

MERS-CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome beta coronavirus) which first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012

The “novel” Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) which is first identified in Wuhan, China.

Where do coronaviruses come from?

Several know types of coronaviruses are circulating in a range of animals including cats, bats, camels and pigs and some of these coronaviruses are zoonotic which means they have the capability of jumping from animals to people. This is called a spillover event.

This could be due to a range of factors such as the increase in contact between animals and humans or the evolvement of viruses in which they combine or mutate with other viruses and create new strains that can infect people. For example, SARS-CoV is known to be transmitted from civet cats and MERS-CoV from camels.

1.2 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)

What is 2019 Novel Coronavirus?

2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is a new strain of coronavirus that has not been previously detected in human. It is first identified in an outbreak of respiratory illness reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Out of the first 41 people with pneumonia who were identified as having 2019-nCoV infection by 2 January 2020, two-thirds had been associated with Huanan Seafood Market, the largest wholesale market of live animal and seafood in Jiangshan District, Wuhan, Hubei province, China. According to The Wall Street Journal, among 585 animal specimens taken from the market, 33 showed evidence of 2019-nCoV.

Where does the 2019-nCoV come from?

Coronaviruses are known to circulate in animals and some of them have the capability of transmitting to people. However, the animal reservoir of the 2019-nCoV is still unknown.

When the 2019-nCoV sequence is first available, some researchers found that it has a close relationship to relatives that were found in bats. A report on 23 January of a team led by a coronavirus specialist of the Wuhan Institute of Virology – Shi Zheng-Li – showed that the sequence of 2019-nCoV was 79.5% similar to SARS-CoV and had 96.2% similarity to a bat virus. That is why many scientists suspect there is one or more intermediary host pieces between 2019-nCoV and bats. 

Early on, a research team led by Wei Ji, a microbiologist at Peking University Health Science Center School of Basic Medical Sciences in Beijing published a sequence analysis online on the Journal of Medical Virology on 22 January and pointed to snakes as “the most likely wildlife animal reservoir for the 2019-nCoV”. The researchers reported that codons of the 2019-nCoV had the most similarity to those used by two snakes which are the Chinese cobra and the many-banded krait and they noted that snakes were sold at the marketplace of live animals in Wuhan where the first cases were documented. Other scientists, however, pilloried it. According to some specialists, the evidence of the study is pretty weak and that coronavirus infections have been detected only in birds and mammals before, there is no proof that these viruses can infect other species so snakes would be a very unusual host. David Robertson, a virologist at the University of Glasgow, UK said that “Nothing supports snakes being involved”.

2. Transmission & Groups at risk

2.1 Transmission

How does this virus spread?

There are two types of transmitted: animals to people and between people, mainly among close contact. It was reported that many patients in the outbreak had some links to a market of living wild animal and seafood, indicating animal-to-person spread. Meanwhile, it was reported that a growing number of patients have no exposure to the market, suggesting person-to-person spread.

The 2019-nCoV transmit from people to people primarily through close contact with infected person, for example, in a healthcare center or household workplace, through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose; through respiratory droplets generated when a person sneezes or coughs; through physically touching a surface that contaminated with the virus then touching something like eyes, nose or mouth before washing hands.

There have been some reports that it is possible for 2019-nCoV to be transmitted by a person showing no symptoms, which is called asymptomatic person. According to The World Health Organization (WHO), it is possible with other coronaviruses such as MERS, but it is only happening in a very limited extent. Until now, there was some debate whether asymptomatic transmission of the coronavirus was possible. Even if asymptomatic people can spread the virus, they may be less likely to than people who are sneezing and coughing — routes for the virus to jump from one person to another.

2.2 Group at risk

Who can catch this virus?

2019-nCoV can infect people of all ages who lives or travels in an area where the virus is circulating and people who in close contact with recent travelers from China. Especially those who work closely with wild animals such as workers at the market and those who are taking care of infected patients such as healthcare workers or family members appear to be more at risk.

People with pre-existing medical conditions (such as heart disease and diabetes) and elderly are also at higher risk of getting severely ill with the virus.

On the other hand, a study published in January in the New England Journal of Medicine also speculated that compared to adult, "children might be less likely to become infected or, if infected, may show milder symptoms". 

3. Symptoms, Diagnosis & How dangerous is 2019-nCoV?

3.1 Symptoms

How does the 2019-nCoV present?

There can be a range of symptoms from mild to severe, include fever and respiratory symptoms such as shortness of breath and coughing. There has been kidney failure, pneumonia and death in more severe cases.

3.2 Diagnosis

How can we tell if someone has the 2019-nCoV?

It can be a difficult to identify the disease bases on the symptoms only because the illness cause by the 2019-nCoV is very similar to a cold or flu. That is why it requires laboratory tests on respiratory specimens as well as blood test and blest work to confirm if someone is infected with the 2019-nCoV.

The test called PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) will identify the virus based on its genetic fingerprint.

3.3 How dangerous is 2019-nCoV?

What actually happens if you get coronavirus?

Once the virus is able to invade your body, its work can begin. The virus binds to receptors on the cell once it comes in contact with that cell. The virus’s outer layer of the virus is like a key and it can unlock the right cells in the right pieces. The virus, as a result, is able to get into and has access to all the cells machinery. 

This system is normally reserved for your DNA to produce protein with all sorts of functions and bring it through all over your body but the coronavirus hijacks this system and make proteins that it wants using its own ARN. Basically, your cells start making viruses with genetic material, the capsid and the envelope and ultimately it turns into a virus making machine. The RNA instruction of the virus reads over and over again and produce protein after protein. Ultimately it can produce millions of viruses. They will eventually fill and destroy the cell then it moves on to the other cells and repeat the cycle all over again.

In a healthy individual, once your cells start to be damaged and die, the immune system in your body will sense this and trigger an immune response to mount an attack. All the symptoms that you feel is the result of this. The body increase its temperature to help the immune system functions better and create a hostile environment for the virus. There may be more phlegm and snot to prevent the virus from attaching to your cells and help remove the dead viruses. Your body will prioritize fighting off the virus instead of doing its regular function so you may feel tired and weak.

However, death is not always caused by the virus. When your immune system is distracted and weakened, bacteria and other organisms can take advantage and make it more complicated. The whole body can shut down if the organs start to shut down.

How dangerous is 2019-nCoV compared with MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV?

The 2019-nCoV along with MERS-CoV and MARS-CoV are the identified coronaviruses that evolve and have the ability to infect human and spread among humans. The table below will help you have a better look at the similarity as well as the difference between these 3 types of human coronaviruses, especially to help you aware how dangerous 2019-nCoV is compared to the other viruses in the same family.

Fatality Rate/ Death Rate: The new coronavirus has spread across 28 countries and territories around the world killed more than 630 people and infected more than 31,000. But it appears to be less deadly than the MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the 2019-nCoV seems to have a fatality rate of around 2% so far. Most of the cases are concentrated in Hubei Province in China so far. The fatality rate there is 3.1%, slightly higher than the global figure, while the rate in Wuhan is even higher, around 4.9%.

From the analysis, it shows that 2/3 of death cases are male, 1/3 is female. It is mainly elderly (over 60 years old), accounting for more than 80% and more than 75% of death cases had underlying diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and tumor (in some cases).

Transmission Rate (R₀): The transmissibility (how rapidly the disease spreads) or attack rate of a virus is indicated by its reproductive number (R₀, pronounced r-zero R-nought), which shows the average number of people whom a single infected person will transmit to. R₀ is estimated to be between 1.5 and 3.5 preliminary studies according to Worldometer.

Based on these statistics, each case of the 2019-nCoV would make 3 to 4 new cases on average.

Incubation Period: The incubation period is the time between infection and the onset of clinical symptoms of disease. It is reported an incubation period for 2019-nCoV between 2 – 14 days with the average of 5.2 days and this number can greatly vary between patients.

A study of this case indicated that the incubation period tended to be shorter among people of 70 year old or above, which is between 6-19 days (11.5 days on average) than those with ages under 70 year old, which is 10-41 days (20 days on average).

4. Treatment & Vaccine Status

4.1 Treatment

Are there any specific medicines to prevent or treat 2019-nCoV?

So far, there is no specific medicine recommended to prevent or treat the 2019-nCoV. However, 2019-nCoV infected patients should receive appropriate care to relieve and treat symptoms, especially those with severe illness should receive optimized supportive care. Some specific treatments are under investigation and will be tested through clinical trials.

4.2 Vaccine Status

Experts are making an efficient approach to drug discovery in order to test whether the existing antiviral drugs are effective in treating the new coronavirus, one of them is Remdesivir.

Remdesivir: was a broad-spectrum antiviral drug developed by the pharmaceutical company Gilead as a treatment for Ebola. It has activity against epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses due to being able to blocking the activity of a protein that helps coronaviruses make copies of themselves. The drug is identified as a potential candidate for the treatment of 2019-nCoV after showing promise in laboratory tests against MERS, SARS as well as other coronaviruses that are found in bats. Gilead Sciences Inc. is shipping enough doses of Remdesivir to treat 500 patients in China and is rushing into clinical trials work. After getting 10 once-daily infusions of the Remdesivir or a placebo, patients will be evaluated after 28 days to see whether the drug appeared effective.

The combination of lopinavir and ritonavir (two anti-HIV drugs) is also being tested in a Chinese hospital. Back in the outbreak of SARS in 2002 and 2003, this combination showed effectiveness in a small number of patients and also blocked the activities of MERS in animal studies. Dr. Kriangsak Atipornwanich, a lung specialist at Rajavithi Hospital in Bangkok said “This is not the cure, but the patient’s condition has vastly improved. From testing positive for 10 days under our care, after applying this combination of medicine the test result became negative within 48 hours”.

According to WHO, they are working with partners to activate a specialized referral laboratories network with demonstrated expertise in the molecular detection of coronaviruses. So far, 15 laboratories have been identified to provide reference testing support for the new coronavirus, include:

Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Thailand

Hong Kong University, Hong Kong SAR, China

Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Japan

Institute of Virology, Charité, Robert Koch Institute, Germany

National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa

National Institute of Health, Thailand

National Institute of Virology, India

National Public Health Laboratory, Singapore

Institut Pasteur Dakar, Senegal

Institut Pasteur, Paris

Public Health England, UK

State Research Center for Virology and Biotechnology, Vector Institute, Russia

United States Center for Disease Control and Prevention, USA

Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Australia

5. Timeline & Projecting

5.1 Timeline

5.2 Projecting

According to a study published in January 31 on The Lancet, “further international seeding and subsequent local establishment of epidemics might become inevitable”.

However, vaccines and treatments for the 2019-nCoV could come sooner than projected. Eric von Hofe, chief scientific officer of NuGenerex Immuno-Oncology shared that The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is now more willing to consider using new technologies to develop vaccines and drug treatments and novel technologies like RNA interference and molecular clamps are having a greater acceptance than in the past. These new technologies will make it easier for the experts to finding the effective vaccines against the new coronavirus easier than it was during the outbreaks of MERS and SARS in the past.

Part Two: ACTION

1. Immune-system Booster

To have a strong immune system, we should build a healthy lifestyle with both a good diet and regular exercise for the best results.

1.1 Ingredients

A good diet and adequate consumption of vitamins are essential for a strong immune system.

Which vitamins?

Vitamin C: A lack of vitamin C will make you more prone to getting sick.

Vitamin B-6: Vitamin B6 will support biochemical reactions in the immune system

Vitamin E: A powerful antioxidant that helps the body to fight off infections

Which ingredients?

Citrus Fruit: lemon, orange, grapefruit, limes, clementines, tangerines…

Red bell peppers: contain twice as much vitamin C as citrus.

Garlic: contains powerful compounds such as diallyl trisulfide, allicin and ajoene that fight viruses.

Ginger: has long been used in traditional medicine to treat flu and cold.

Apple cider vinegar: works well due to the presence of probiotics during the fermentation process and the antiviral properties of apples.

Yogurt: contains probiotics that fight off viral infections.

Black/Green Tea: both black and green teas are packed with flavonoids, a type of antioxidant.

Kiwi: contains a ton of essential nutrients such as potassium, folate, vitamin C, and vitamin K.

Sunflower seeds: contains a full of nutrients such as magnesium, phosphorous, vitamin B-6, and vitamin E.

Water: Drinking enough water is important to keep hydrated on a regular basis.

1.2 Recipes

The followings are some easy recipes everyone can make to build a strong immune system.

Food

Topping for salads and soups: Peel ginger root and cut into matchsticks. Sauté ginger until crispy with olive oil. Sprinkle on salad or soup as a topping.

Creamy sandwich spread: add Greek yogurt with cumin, minced red onions and mashed avocado in a bowl. Mix well and spread on sandwich to serve.

Tasty and healthy dressing: Whisk yogurt with chives, minced garlic, dried dill, and apple cider vinegar.

Pungent vegan spread: Roast whole heads of garlic until cloves are soft, skin on, then allow to cool and peel off skins.

You can mince garlic finely and add to the dressing of minces thyme, lemon juice and olive oil.

Or you can mash or press garlic and stir with coconut oil and minced rosemary.

Let it chill in the refrigerator until firm.

Chai-spiced breakfast: Add cinnamon, coconut milk, vanilla extract and cardamom to oatmeal.

Easy oxymel (herbal tonic): Steep sliced ginger and dried elderberries in apple cider vinegar; strain and pour in honey.

Quick energy treat: In a food processor, add coconut, walnuts, dates, and finely grated ginger. Process until forms a paste. Shape into a ball.

Flu-busting breakfast: Puree strong-brewed black tea with Greek yogurt, frozen mango, and grated ginger.

Drink

Morning coffee: Dissolve your favorite coffee in hot water. Add cocoa powder and cinnamon, then mix well and enjoy.

Apple cider vinegar water: Mix 2 teaspoons apple cider vinegar to 500ml water to drink in the morning.

Smoothing & creamy beverage: simmer ginger slices in milk/coconut milk. Strain and mix in honey and turmeric.

*FOOD SAFETY NOTES

1.3 Exercising

Exercising regularly will boost blood flow circulating white blood cells through the body. White blood cells are the cells of the immune system protecting the body against disease. The immune system produces more of these cells to responds to exercising.

During and after exercising, the temperature in your body will be risen. It helps to prevent bacteria from growing and fight against infection better. It also can help you to flush bacteria out of airways and lungs because of heavier breathing rate during exercising.

2. Hygiene

2.1 Hand wash

If someone asks me how to avoid the Coronavirus, I am so sure to say that: Wash your hand frequently! – The most important and essential thing you need to do at first.

When?

Wash your hands with soap at least 20 seconds

After coughing or sneezing

Before eating

Before, during and after preparing food

When caring for sick people

After toilet use

After touching animals, animal waste/products

Between touching raw foods and cook foods

When hands are dirty

After being out in the public

Before /after using hands to wear/remove mask

After touching any things in the public such as sick people’s hands, pens, door knobs, mouse, tissue, chopsticks, cups, strain straps, button, devices, stair…

*If you do not have soap in hand, use alcohol-based hand rub instead.  Wash again with soap as soon as possible.

How?

DIY

If you cannot buy alcohol-based hand rub, no worries, you can do it yourself!

Prepare

- Alcohol (70% or 90%)

- Tea tree oil

- Clean spray bottle

Do

Pour 100ml alcohol in a clean spray bottle

Pour in 10 drops tea tree oil

Shake well.

*You can use it as a hand sanitizer when you go out. Remember to wash again with soap at least 20 seconds when you get home.

2.2 Mask

Surgical mask or N95 respirator?

In the fact that, there is no evidence being available on the usefulness of any masks to fight Coronavirus completely without combining with other measures like hand washing.

The main effect of masks here to partly keep out the liquid of another infected person’s cough or sneeze from entering your mouth or nose.

Therefore, in this case, the surgical mask would be a more suitable choice. If using masks, you should follow the correct steps to wear, remove and dispose of them.

How to use?

*NOTES:

Do NOT touch the mask while using. If you do, no worries, wash hands with soap after that.

Do NOT re-use single-use mask after each using.

Do NOT wear mask for more than 1 day.

If you meet sick people, give them a mask. They can sneeze/cough into it. It will protect yourself and everyone else nearby.

Is it enough?

It is NOT enough if you ONLY use masks to protect yourself. Remember Hand Wash is the key in this situation. Therefore, remember to

Wash your hands with soap or alcohol-based hand rub frequently.

Cover nose and mouth with paper tissue or flexed elbow when coughing/sneezing. Dispose of tissue immediately into closed bin after use and wash hands with soap or alcohol-based hand rub.

Avoid touching your face or other’s faces.

If you have some symptoms, please put on surgical mask correctly, separate yourself from other people, and call the healthcare provider as soon as possible.

DIY

In the case that you cannot buy masks but still want to wear when going out, I will show you an easy way to do it yourself.

Prepare

- 3 paper towels

- 2 rubber bands

- Stapler

Do

Tear off some paper towels and fold in half making a square.

Put your hands on either side of the paper towel and push the edges together making it create several folds 1 inch wide. It should look like a paper fan.

Use your hand to hold the paper towel in the folded position.

Take one rubber band and place it about 1 inch from one end of the folded paper towel.

Fold the end of the towel over the rubber band and staple to secure.

Follow steps 4-5 to put remaining rubber band on other end of paper towel.

Put rubber bands around your ears and unfold paper towel enough to cover mouth and nose.

* If you find it difficult to follow the steps above, see the video here: https://haladi.com/diy-mask

* I still recommend that you should be at home in the current situation. If you have to go out, remember that hand washing is the key to protect you from the coronavirus.

3. Other

Avoid close contact with people with flu-lick or cold symptoms.

Avoid contact with farm animals or live wild with no protection.

Avoid contact with spoiled meat, sick animals; waste, fluid and stray animals in market.

Keep your distance from sick person: 2-0.5 m will keep you safe from large droplets.

Avoid crowds.

Virus can last on objects for up to 1 day, so wash them off using soap each day.

Do NOT touch your face or your love ones face (especially eyes, nose, and mouth).

Do NOT share towels, cups, utensils… Everyone get their own ones.

Do NOT spit in public.

Use your elbows to open/close doors instead of hands if possible. You cannot touch your face with your elbows even if you try.

Part Three: MYTHS - FACTS

Conclusion

A few years ago, there was an earthquake in Japan. At that time, a famous story was posted on Facebook by a woman:

A woman prepared to go to the supermarket to hoard food and told her husband that she would fill up their car with fuel, in case there was a shortage of fuel due to the crisis. Her husband did not agree and insisted that she should fill the tank halfway. Bewildered, she wondered why he was against her doing the right thing. The husband smiled and gently explained, “We should only fill the tank halfway and the remaining for people who are suffering from the catastrophe.

The truth is, not only the husband in this story did this but every other Japanese did as well. When the disaster happened, everyone did not hoard food, instead they left it for those most in need. During that catastrophic event, the image of the Japanese standing patiently, bearing and helping each another while waiting for the rescue got the absolute admiration and respect of the whole world.

Of course, we cannot compare the Japanese with everyone else in the world due to the differences in society, education and culture. 

Nowadays, we are really facing the lack of faith in each other, the government and society. Thus, we lost belief in treating people well so they in turn treat us well. That is one reason we are falling deeply into a crisis.

However, I, by no means, want to either analyze society or compare anyone to others. Here, the only purpose is to show you that natural disasters, sometimes, are not as fearful as threats brought by humankind.

For example, the current lack of hand wash, masks and food. In fact, according to the productivity of current factories, if we just buy what we need for a few days, the scarcity of products will never happen.  We can then buy more when we run out. If you choose a rational way to act, there will be enough goods for all. We must all work together in this crisis and not rely on the negative speculations of a few people. Once this crisis ends, the quantity of goods including food, masks and hand wash will be abundant again.

I will never buy extra goods, since it leads to the threat of there not being enough for others. If we buy excessively now people will go without and once the crisis is over we will have much excess.

If you are really anxious about the present condition, it is fine, but remember to buy goods enough for you and your family to use for 2 weeks maximum. If you buy only 2 weeks worth no one else will lack goods and the social activities will still carry out normally. Remember: The virus cannot destroy humankind, but our own greed and disbelief in each other can.

Keep calm and enjoy this book!

Thank you for supporting us!

If there is anything you wish to tell, leave comment. Please feel free to give us feedback, your opinion will be a big help for us to update and improve our work!

Daily Update

https://haladi.com/ncov-daily-update/

Resources

World Heath Organization (WHO)

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Worldometer

Al Jazeera

The Lancet

AsapSCIENCE

Bloomberg

BBC

MedCityNews

“How to Avoid the Coronavirus? Wash Your Hands”, by Elisabeth Rosenthal, in The New York Times, Opinion.

“The Wuhan Virus: How to Stay Safe”, by Laurie Garrett, in Foreign Policy, Report.

“This animation shows how far your sneeze can actually travel” by Chia-Yi Hou and Andrea Schmitz, in Business Insider.

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Introduction

Part One: KNOWLEDGE

1. Definition & Origin

2. Transmission & Groups at risk

3. Symptoms, Diagnosis & How dangerous is 2019-nCoV?

4. Treatment & Vaccine Status

5. Timeline & Projecting

Part Two: ACTION

1. Immune-system Booster

2. Hygiene

3. Other

Part Three: MYTHS - FACTS

Conclusion

Daily Update

Resources